Contract year 2012 continues the Colville Tribes' selective harvest program.  The data and lessons collected from the Evaluate Live Capture Gear project (2007-249-0), and now Selective Gear Deployment (2008-105-00), provides the focus and direction for the project to continue affecting a diverse range of issues relating to salmonid populations and human health within the basin. The first and perhaps most visible achievement will be the increased salmon harvest capacities of the Colville Tribes to fully utilize their negotiated harvest allocation and provide the Tribal membership with a valuable food resource. Less visible but equally important, the implementation of a full-scale selective fishing program in the Upper Columbia region will remove not only the hatchery Chinook originating from the imminent Chief Joseph Hatchery, but also the hatchery Chinook straying from downriver programs. The harvest of only hatchery Chinook at the Okanogan River confluence, and conversely allowing the natural escapement of natural-origin Chinook, will increase the proportion of natural influence (PNI) on the spawning grounds by removing hatchery-origin fish before they can spawn.  This is intended to preserve the diversity and viability of the Okanogan summer/fall Chinook population and prevent future listings under the federal ESA. Additionally, the program will provide the necessary Chinook broodstock for area supplementation programs, including the Chief Joseph Hatchery.  The number of fish harvested will vary by run-size, but the tribe anticipates that more than 1,000 hatchery-origin Chinook will be harvested each year.  Sockeye are not marked in a way that can be easily identified in the field and will be harvested with regard only to an annual agreement on harvest allocation levels.  

The selective gear deployment team will harvest only adipose fin clipped, hatchery Chinook to reduce the proportion of hatchery origin Chinook on spawning grounds (pHOS). Reducing the pHOS of summer Chinook and summer steelhead will create more locally-adapted populations of fish. The goal is to maintain pHOS values of less than 30 percent for both steelhead and summer/fall Chinook. Actual numbers will vary based on the PNI value being targeted each year as part of the Chief Joseph Hatchery Plan. The Evaluation of Live Capture Gear project produced results that indicated that survival rates were high for seines, less so for other techniques such as tangle nets. However, it was also found that the seining operations were insufficient on their own to remove the number of hatchery origin fish required to achieve conservation goals for the system as too many hatchery fish would spawn in the wild decreasing natural population productivity. To this end, the Colville Tribes are in process of constructing a temporary, semipermanent weir on the Okanogan River to supplement removal of hatchery fish for broodstock and to provide fish for tribal harvest. Combined, the two techniques are expected to remove upwards of 80 percent of the surplus hatchery fish returning to the basin each year.   Investigation will continue into the construction of a pound net trap or other, stationary fish trap.  Additionally, scaffolds are planned to be constructed at two separate locations so that tribal members can use dip nets and hoop nets in order to fish in a mark-selective manner.  

The main scientific focus for this program is to support the goals and objectives set forth in the HSRG.  However, the tribal membership, and other tribes in the basin, will reap the rewards of the fish distributed fresh when in season.  Fish were shared with the Spokane, Coeur d'Alene, Kalispel, Kootenai and Okanagan Nation Alliance tribes in 2010 and plans for 2012 include a similar arrangement.  To fully harvest fish to the their allocation level, fish must be processed and stored for use at other times of the year.  

Fishing for the tribal membership is not the only type of harvest that will take place.  Hatchery broodstock will be collected for use in area hatchery-supplementation programs. The goal is to ultimately collect a maximum of 1,107 adult summer/fall Chinook for the Chief Joseph Hatchery Program (when operational), with a mortality rate on natural origin fish of less than 3 percent.  In the interim, broodstock will be collected in a collaborative effort by the CCT and the WDFW to raise fish at the Eastbank Hatchery for release from the WDFW Similkameen Acclimation Pond.  The CCT collected one half the number of natural-origin, Chinook adults needed for the Similkameen Pond in 2010 but were stifled in an attempt to collect 100% in 2011 due to the lack of a good thermal barrier at the mouth of the Okanogan River

Catch and harvest data and analysis will be distributed by the end of November following each fishing season to interested parties and entities, such as the WDFW for run reconstruction.  Project employees will attend local, regional and national meetings to share data, lessons and opinions on the selective fishing program.